The theme of the current year's World Environment Day was No Resilience to the Poaching of Untamed Life. For some, it is more to show concern for natural living, given the large number of people living below the need line in India.
On a more thorough examination, it would give the idea that ensuring the untamed life is as fundamental to the present as those of the future.
Wild life carries biological diversity, which, thus, gives ingredients for food, clothing, prescriptions, paper, refreshments and flavorings for day-to-day use.
Science helped us understand the degree of diversity in the wild, focusing on life cycles, training wild species, and developing and exchanging breeds.
Innovation helped us focus on adding value and the biggest benefits from using regular assets.
Understanding biodiversity
Biodiversity was finally recognized as a sovereign right of each country at the Earth Summit, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in June 1992.
Until then it was an open-access property, largely innovatively carried over from the helpless south to the educated northern countries.
India's GDP was also in the sixteenth century through the exchange of results of exchange of common assets such as silk, cotton, flavor, indigo etc. The Convention on Biological Diversity is supported by over 190 countries so far, interestingly only the sovereign has not been reported. The right of every country on biodiversity, yet also clarified that the supplier country must obtain from the collector country in order to grant access to the property.
In 1972, India authorized the Wildlife (Protection) Act, although it gives varying degrees of valid insurance to only booked species—at various levels from Plan 1 to 5. While Schedule 6 does not include many plant species or collections of plants such as the Orchidaceous, it bombed badly to ensure other threatened plant species.
The Botanical Survey of India distributed four volumes of the Red Data Book on Indian Plants, yet the Act neglected to take advantage of it.
1. Sumatran Rhino
The last Sumatran rhino in Malaysia died in November 2019, making the extremely rare species locally extinct. The rhinoceros was named Iman and died of cancer.
Iman's death made the species critically endangered, leaving fewer than 80 Sumatran rhinos around the world, mainly in Indonesia. Currently, the Sumatran rhinoceros is the smallest rhino species in the world.
The Chinese paddlefish is one of the largest freshwater fish in the world and is most commonly found in the Yangtze River in Asia. Several surveys failed to ascertain the presence of the species and hence, it was declared extinct in December, 2019.
The species has been projected to become extinct due to overfishing and habitat fragmentation. The species became endangered between 2005 and 2010 and then became extinct in 2019.
The last known female of this rare species, named Jiangxiang, died in an artificial insemination procedure in April 2019.
Apart from Jiangxiang, there are only three known softshell turtles alive in the world. After the death of the last female turtle, the species effectively became extinct.
An ANI report in September 2019 stated that the Indian cheetah, along with three other species, is now extinct in India due to desertification. The numbers dropped to 150 and the species eventually became extinct.
This rapid desertification was caused by excessive use of pesticides in agricultural areas and heavy industrialization. The report also showed how this desertification had a negative impact on the entire food chain.
The Spix Macaw is a rare bird species that was found mainly in Brazil before becoming extinct. The bird was last seen in 2016 and was declared extinct a few years later.
Although this species is considered extinct in the wild, it was protected in wildlife sanctuaries in northeastern Brazil. The government has also decided to bring back the Spix Macaw into existence.
Catarina pupfish is a freshwater fish found in Mexico. These species became extinct when their natural habitat was disrupted due to groundwater withdrawal.
The fish had been living in the wild until 1994, but rapid loss caused the species to be taken captive. It survived till 2012 and then became completely extinct in 2019.
This species was found mainly in Southeast Asia before becoming critically endangered. Its numbers dwindled to 1500 and then eventually the species became extinct.
This species has become completely extinct in the wild, but there are some tigers that are living in captivity. It has been completely eradicated in Cambodia and now the largest number of tigers are residing in Thailand. The main reason for its extinction is hunting and poaching.
According to a lot of media and UN reports, the world is on track to lose two-thirds of its wildlife population by the end of 2020. Even common wildlife species like the koala bear are now at risk of extinction due to the Australian bushfires, which happened. Due to climate change in the region.
Reports suggest that the loss of wildlife will have a huge negative impact on human life and the entire ecosystem. Natural resources are being threatened due to human activity and hence, World Wildlife Day 2020 is being observed to raise awareness about such issues.
